1. Miyamoto Musashi, A Book of Five Rings: A guide to Strategy, trans. Victor Harris (Woodstock, N.Y.: The Overlook Press, 1974), pp. 78–79.

2. Jay Haley, Problem Solving Therapy (San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 1976), p. 172.

1. Epigraph: Lewis Thomas, The Lives of a Cell: Notes of a Biology Watcher (New York: Bantam Books, 1974), p. 147.

2. Salvador Minuchin, Bernise L.Rosman, and Lester Baker, Psychosomatic Families: Anorexia Nevrosa in Context (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1978), p.45.

3. Albert Scheflen, "Family Cjmmunication and Social Connectedness in the Development of Schizophrenia", in Maurizio Andofi and Israel Zwerling, Dimensions in Family Therapy (New York: Guilford Press, 1980), chap.9.

4. Arthur Koestler, Janus: A Summing Up (New York: Vintage Books, 1979), p.33.

5. Murray Bowen, Family Therapy in Clinical Practice (New York: Jason Aronson, 1978), 306–307.

6. P.Glansdorff and Ilya Prigorine, Thermodynamic Theory of Structure, Stability and Fluctuations (New York: Wiley, 1971), pp. xiv-xxi.

7. Erich Jantsch, Design for Evolution: Self Organization and Plannind in the Life of Human Systems (New York: George Braziller, 1975), p. 37. The authors are indebted to Paul F. Dell and Harold a. Goolishian, whose paper "Order Through Fluctuation: An Evolutionary Epistemology for Human Systems" (presented at the Annual Scientific Meeting of the A.K. Rise Institute Houston, Texas, 1979) enhanced our interpretation of Prigogine and Jantsch.

1. Donald Meltzer, "Routine and Inspired Interpretations", Contemporary Psychoanalysis 14, № 2 (April 1978): 211–225.

2. Lyman Wynne, I Ryckoff, J. Day, and S. Hersch, "Pseudo-Mutuality in the Family Relationships of Schizophrenics", Psychiatry 21 (1958): 205–220.

3. Jay Haley and Linn Hoffman, Techniques of Family Therapy (New York: Basic Books, 1967), pp. 307–308; Augustus Y. Napier with Carl Whitaker, The Family Crucible (New York: Harper & Row, 1978), p. 9.

4. Mara Selvini-Palazzoli, L. Boscolo, G. Ceccin, and G. Prata, Paradox and Counter Paradox (New York: Jason Aronson, 1978).

5. Murray Bowen, Family Therapy in Clinical Practice (New York: Jason Aronson, 1978), 310.

6. Dorothy R. Blitsten, The Social Theories of Harry Stack Sallivan (New York: William-Frederick Press, 1953).

1. Hope J. Leichter and William E. Mitchell, Kinship and Casework (New York: Russel Sage Foundation, 1967).

2. Salvador Minuchin, Braulio Montalvo, B.G. Guerney, Jr., B.L. Rosman, and Florence Schumer, Families of the Slums (New York: Basic Books, 1967).

3. Minuchin et al., Families of the Slums.

1. Augustus Y. Napier with Carl Whitaker, The Family Crucible (New York: Harper & Row, 1978), Cloe Madanes and Jay Haley, "Dimensions of Family Therapy", Jornal of Mental and Nevrous Diseases 165, № 2 (1977): 88–98.

2. Salvador Minuchin, Bernise L. Rosman, and Lester Baker, Psychosomatic Families: Anorexia Nevrosa in Context (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1978), chap. 9.

Epigraph: Willian B. Yeats, "AmongSchool Children", in The New Oxford Book of English Verse, 1250–1950, ed. Helen Gardner (New York: Oxford University Press,1972), pp. 824–826.

1. Henry Bergson, An Introduction to Metaphysics, trans. T.E. Hulme (New York: Liberal Arts Press, 1955).

1. Videotape, "Heroin My Baby", ed. Jay Haley.

1. Herbert A. Simon, "The Architecture of Complexsity", Proceeding of the American Philosophical Society 106, № 3 (December 1962).

2. Peter L. Berger and Thomas Luckmann, The Social Construction of Reality (New York: Doubleday, 1967) pp. 53–59, 118.

3. Murray Bowen, Family Therapy in Clinical Practice (New York: Jason Aronson, 1978), 530.

1. The I Ching or Book of Changes, trans. Cary F. Baynes and Richard Wilhelm (Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1967), p. 570.

2. Lewis Thomas, The Lives of a Cell: Notes of a Biology Watcher (New York: Bantam Books, 1974), p. 167.

3. Fritjoif Capra, The Tao of Physics (Boulder: Shambhala, 1975), pp. 151–160.

4. Thomas, Lives of the Cell p.12.

5. Lama Angarika Govinda, "Logic and Symbol in the Multi-Demensional Conceptions in the Universe", in Main Currents, vol. 25, p. 60.

6. Salvador Minuchin, Families and Family Therapy (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1974), p. 159.

7. Ernst F. Schumacher, Small Is Beautiful (New York: Harper & Row, 1973), p. 14.

1. Richard Liewellyn, A Man in a Mirror (Gardien City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1961).

2. Sol Worth and John Adair, "The Navajo as a Filmmaker: A Brief Report of Some Recent Research in the Cross-Cultural Aspects of Film Communications", in American Antropology 69 (1967), 76–78.

3. Richard Chalfen and Jay Haley, "Reaction to Socio-Documentary Film Research in a Mental Health Clinic", in American Journal of Orthopsychiatry 41 № 1 (January 1971): 91—100.

4. Jose Ortega y Gasset, Miditations on Don Quixote (New York: W.W. Norton, 1961), p. 87.

5. George Herbert Mead, On Social Psychology (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1977), pp. 202, 207.

6. Dorothy R. Blitsten, The Social Theories of Harry Sallyvan (New York: William- Frederick Press, 1953), p. 138.

7. Peter L. Berger and Thomas Luckmann, The Social Construction of Reality (New York: Doubleday, 1967) pp. 94–95.

8. Berger and Luckmann, The Social Construction of Reality, p. 125.

9. Nigel Dennis, Cards of Identity (New York: Vangurd Press, 1955), p. 118.

1. Ivan Boszormenyi-Nagy, "Contextual Therapy: Therapeutic Leverages in Mobilizing Trust", in The American Family, Unit IV, № 2 (Philadelphia: Smith, Kline, & French, 1979).

2. Jose Ortega y Gasset, Miditations on Don Quixote (New York: W.W. Norton, 1961), p. 184.

1. Rohrbaugh, Tennen et al., "Paradoxical Strategies in Psychotherapy", Paper read at meeting of the American Psychological Association, San Francisco, 1977.

2. Michel Foucault, Madness and Civilization: A History of Insanity in the Age of Reason (New York: Pantheon, 1965).

3. Carlos Castaneda, A Journey to Ixtlan (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1973), p. xi.

1. Jane Howard, Families (New York: Berkley Books, 1980), p. 58.

2. Philip Larkin, "This Be The Verse", in High Windows (London: Faber and Faber, 1974), p. 30.

3. R.D.Laing, Facts of Life (New York: Ballantine Books, 1976), pp. 2, 3.

4. Andrew Ferber, Marilyn Mendelsohn, and Augustine Napier, The Book of Family Therapy (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1972), pp. 90–91.

5. Howard, Families, pp. 3–6.

6. John E. Bell, The Family in the Hospital: Lessons from Developing Countries (Chevy Chase, Md.: NIMH, 1969), pp. 3–6.

7. Betty McDonald, Anybody Can Do AnyThing (New York: J.B. Lippincott, 1950), p. 11.

1. Carl Whitaker and D.V.Keith, "Experiental/Symbolic Family Therapy", in Handbook of Family Therapy (New York: Brunner/Mazel).

2. Andrew Ferber, Marilyn Mendelsohn, and Augustine Napier, The Book of Family Therapy (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1972), p. 588.

3. Personal communications with Cloe Madanes.

4. Jay Haley Uncommon Therapy: The Psychyatric Techniques of Milton H. Erickson, M.d. (New York: W.W.Norton, 1973), p. 214, 290.

5. Salvador Minuchin, Braulio Montalvo, B.G. Guerney, Jr., Bernise L. Rosman, and Florense Schumer, Familias y Terapia Familiar (Barselona: Granica Editor, 1977), p. 178.

6. Mary Catherine Bateson, "Daddy, Can a Scientist Be Wise?" in About Bateson: An An Introduction to Gregory Bateson, ed. John Brockman, (New York: E.P. Dutton, 1977), p. 69.